Council of Councils
Think Global Health
Asia
China
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Gendered Legacies of Control: How China’s Population Policies Reshaped Women’s LivesGuest Contributors are Tahina Montoya, a defense and policy researcher at RAND, and Kelly Atkinson, a political scientist at RAND.
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Crises May Now Drive Japan’s Relations With ChinaCrises are not new to the Japan-China relationship, but their impact only grows.
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Are We Ready? | China's Campaign to Reshape the Global Order, With Hal Brands and Michael KuikenHal Brands, Henry A. Kissinger Distinguished Professor of Global Affairs at the School of Advanced International Studies at Johns Hopkins University, and Mike Kuiken, Distinguished Visiting Fellow at Stanford University's Hoover Institution, sit down with James M. Lindsay to discuss the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission's latest annual report to Congress and how China is working to reshape the global balance of power.
Experts in this Region
International Affairs Fellow in National Security, sponsored by Janine and J. Tomilson Hill
Ira A. Lipman Chair in Emerging Technologies and National Security and Director of the Digital and Cyberspace Policy Program
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China in Latin America: September 2025In September, tensions escalated between Mexico and China over proposed tariff hikes. China denounced U.S. strikes in the Caribbean as a threat to regional security. Cuban President Miguel Díaz-Canel met with Chinese President Xi Jinping in Beijing.
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China in Latin America: October 2025In October, Chinese soy imports from Brazil and Argentina increased as U.S. soy was shut out prior to a U.S.-China trade truce at the end of the month. Discussion on Mexico’s proposed tariff on imports from China was paused until November. BYD launched sales of its electric vehicle in Argentina and a Chinese food delivery service started operating in Brazil.
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China in the Indo-Pacific: October 2025In October, China intensified coercive activities in the South China Sea while expanding military sales, diplomatic engagement, and economic initiatives across various states in South and Southeast Asia, underscoring its push for regional influence despite persistent geopolitical frictions.
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How Does Fentanyl Reach the United States?President Trump has imposed punitive measures on several countries in the name of curbing what he characterizes as high fentanyl flows into the United States. In reality, supplies of the drug—and related deaths—have sharply declined, though they are still at worrying levels.
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Protecting the Foundation: Strengthening Export Controls on Semiconductor Manufacturing EquipmentMr. McGuire’s testimony to the House Foreign Affairs Committee argues that export controls related to semiconductor manufacturing equipment (SME) and advanced semiconductors are one of the most powerful tools available to U.S. policymakers in the technological competition with China and are critical to U.S. efforts to maintain leadership in artificial intelligence (AI) and other emerging technologies. His testimony makes this argument through five key points: SME export controls are the single most decisive leverage point the United States has in the technology competition with China. Advanced chips are critical to leadership in AI and other emerging technologies, and to military modernization. Because advanced chips cannot be manufactured without U.S. and allied SME, and SME is uniquely hard for China to indigenize, strong SME controls are the foundation of America’s ability to shape the global technology landscape and preserve its military advantages. Current controls are working—but not well enough. U.S. SME restrictions have slowed China’s progress in advanced chipmaking, yet remaining gaps, loopholes, and inconsistent implementation still allow Beijing to build, maintain, and expand strategically significant semiconductor capacity. Allied controls must be leveled-up to match U.S. controls. Key partner countries, particularly the Netherlands and Japan, have not fully matched U.S. controls on advanced Chinese fabs. This allows advanced Chinese fabs continued access to essential allied tools, components, and servicing, which uplifts Chinese chipmaking capabilities, helps China maintain existing advanced allied tools, and shifts market share away from American firms. Expanded country-wide restrictions on SME—in addition to comprehensive restrictions on all advanced Chinese fabs and toolmakers—are necessary to close all loopholes. Only broad, country-wide restrictions on all SME capable of advanced production can reliably prevent Beijing from advancing its chipmaking capabilities or dominating mature-node manufacturing. The United States must also update the Entity List to include all entities affiliated with China’s national champions in chipmaking and SME, but entity-based measures alone cannot keep pace with China’s rapid buildout and complex corporate structures. U.S. extraterritorial controls have proven effective and should be expanded to close gaps between U.S. and allied controls. Key allies are currently exempt from these extraterritorial controls; suspending these exemptions until allies adopt fully matching restrictions would seal some of the most significant gaps in the SME control regime.
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Are We Ready? | The U.S.-China Chip War, With Chris McGuireChris McGuire, senior fellow for China and emerging technologies at the Council, sits down with James M. Lindsay to discuss whether U.S. efforts to deny China advanced semiconductor chips will sustain the U.S. lead in artificial intelligence or unintentionally accelerate Chinese innovation.
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Trade Beyond TariffsCFR President Michael Froman analyzes the big picture of a trade strategy that may be emerging.
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A Guide to Trump’s Section 232 Tariffs, in MapsPresident Donald Trump has launched a wave of Section 232 tariffs and investigations, seeking to protect U.S. national security. These graphics show the scale and structure of U.S. reliance on foreign suppliers for products ranging from cars to copper.
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China’s Massive Surplus is Everywhere (Yet The IMF Still Has Trouble Seeing It Clearly)China’s reported current account surplus understates China’s contribution to global trade imbalances. The massive gap between China’s export and import volume growth over the last six years tells a more accurate story.
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China in the Indo-Pacific: September 2025In September, China coupled sharper maritime pressure on the Philippines with widening regional diplomacy and investment, spanning security cooperation, infrastructure development, and high-tech industries.
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Beyond Thailand, Transnational Repression Spreads GloballyThailand’s growing role as a regional hub for transnational repression in Southeast Asia reflects a broader global trend.
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U.S. Tariff and Trade Policy: Takeaways From President Trump’s Trip to AsiaFollowing President Trump’s trip to Asia last week, CFR fellows discuss the outcome of bilateral trade dialogues with the leaders of Malaysia, Japan, and South Korea; takeaways from talks with Chinese President Xi Jinping; and the future of the United States’ economic relationships in the region.